Indications and contraindication of porcelain laminate veneers:

Indications:

1. Used on slightly/mildly enlarged teeth
2. Traditionally indicated in areas (aesthetic) where a single crown composite resin veneer would be used
3. To correct diastemas
4. Mocking of discolored/stained teeth   
5. Making enamel defect

Contraindications:

1. Cannot be waxed on short clinical crowns
2. Cannot be used on patents who show/ have parafuncational habits
3. Teeth with insufficient/ inadequate enamel for sufficient retention
4. Easting large  restorations or endodontically  treated teeth with little reaming
5. Patents that have tooth wear due to bruxism

Remneralizaton of tooth : techniques / materials / concepts

Technique: hand excavation is preferred to keep as much of tissue which can be remineralized  but increase the cause are extensive , use of small round carbide bur to remove soft caries is required, if the caries is extending towards pulp, use hand excavation  technique

Materials: novamin with active ingredient as inorganic calcium sodium phophosilcate – giomers and bio dentine

• Recaldent ( casein phosphopeptide) is a milk derived product with coppor ACP (amorphous calcium phosphate)
• Glass inomer cements reinforced with calcium and phosphate

Concept’s: ART protocol

Use of recaldent (CPP-ACP) , novamin, tri-calcium phosphate , xylitol

Define biocompatibility : is the ability of a material to elicit an appropriate biological response in a given application in the body

Other biological effects of resins : primary risk for using these materials appears to be allergy because of frequent exposure to unpolymerized materials, the allergic reaction are contact dermatitis and in severe cases anaphylactic shocks  

Resins components have shown to transverse dentin and advocate direct pulp capping

1. In the final analysis, who makes the choice about which materials are biologically safe for use in dentistry : the patents , the dentist , or the manufacturer?

• Since no material can show 100% safeness or being risk free, the clinician  must rely on clinical judgment, common sense and data available,
• clinician must always recognize use of materials in the body requires a risk benefit analysis and risks must be weighed against possible benefits and should be communicated thoroughly and clearly to the patient so that the patient can make a decision on if the benefits out weight the risk