What is matter? Matter is the ‘element’ of which everything is made, and it is any substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume.Where does it come from? A billionth of a second after the Big Bang, an important part of the symmetry of the universe was broken. Known as electroweak symmetry breaking, this was the moment when subatomic particles acquire mass for the first time. What are the processes that lead to its creation? A billionth of a second after the Big Bang, an important part of the symmetry of the universe was broken. Known as electroweak symmetry breaking, this was the moment when subatomic particles acquire mass for the first time. Amongst them, were the quarks. As the universe continued to cool, those quarks joined together to form larger, more complex structures, called protons and neutrons. Way before the universe was a minute old, the quarks had been locked away inside the protons and the neutrons and they were the building blocks of all atomic nuclei, the building blocks of the elements. Just a few seconds after the beginning of the universe, the fundamental building blocks of everything had been created. What is the relationship between the stars and the elements produced? Because it's only in stars like our sun where the elements are assembled. They're the only places in the universe hot enough and dense enough to fuse atoms together. This process of building the elements is called nuclear fusion Even then, only a fraction of the star reaches the extreme temperatures necessary. The sun is 6,000 Celsius at its surface, not nearly hot enough to power fusion. But deep below, where the temperature reaches 15m degrees, the sun fuses hydrogen into helium at a furious rate. Every second, it burns 600m tons of hydrogen. As it does so, it releases the huge amounts of heat and light that brings our planet to life. It is this process of converting one element into another that allows us to exist. Why are some elements more abundant than others? Because the energy necessary increases depending on the element, and creating substantial amounts of the heaviest elements requires some of the rarest conditions in the universe, and we need to look far into space to find them. Which is the star most likely to go supernova in our galaxy? the constellation of Orion and this is Betelgeuse When was the last one and why does he say we are overdue another one? In 1604. Because it is supposed to be one in each galaxy each century.