Greek: time passed, and mediterranean culture become dominant in ancient world, in particular grecee. Greek mathematics and scientists discovered patterns and créate formulae for defined them. Tan explain how greeks approached to music, from a very mathematical prespectuve but also religious
- Apollo: music was orginated from goda pollo, music influenced humanactions and thoughts, it was belived that music could cure illnesses and modify behaoirs
- Discoeries: pythagoras discoveries some basic intervals. Later on, discovered different effects on the listener. Greek world agree that music should be an important part in the education
- Orpheus and eurydice: orpherus was a poet and musician. Greta master of the lyre,whitout any rival. Orpheus married eurydice, they were very in love, but eurydice dead because of the bit of a viper, whith help of his singing and his lyre
Características: the concept of music encompasses music poetry and dance
- Music system base don modal scales, 4 basic modal scales whitch are organizied in descending order and receive the name depending on the first note
- Monodic textura whith just one melodic line, heterophonic accompaniment.
- Alphabetic notation for the pitch of sound and the rhytm was related whith the verses of the text, combining long and short sounds
Instruments: lyre ( string) aulos ( wind) salpinx ( wind) pipes ( wind) flutes ( wind)
Middle ages: 476 ac, music religious and secular music GREGORIAN CHANT: since the emperor constantin granted freendom of religious worship for crsitians (313) christians began to expand and organize its litugury, in which singin was essential element.
- Caract gregorian chant: destinated for liturgy, use of latín, monodic textura, single Melody without instrumental accompaniement, special nations ( neumes), free rhythmm determinaded by the text 3 styles: syllabic (1) ornamented (1-2 notas por silaba) melismatic: motr tan 3
- Neumatic nation: were symbols whpse writing deived from the movement of the hand whan conducting the singin, started used in 8th century
- Modal escales: 8 modal scales derived from the greek mode whit a different distribution of tones and semitones
Secular vocal music: trubadors: in 11th century france, poet musicians of noble birth. Minstrels: traveling musician who wnet over castles and villages etertaning whit their song
CARACT: song in vernácula lamguages of eacch área, courtly loe and knightly spirit of the héroes from the crusades. Monodic textura instrumental accmpsnirmnt. Instrument improvised, double voices.
GOLIARDS: secular song in latín, were students and vagabunds fiars that performed satirical, political or religous critique, and carnal love songs. 13th century song book called carmina burana
INSTR: accompany song and performace dances, the string ( harp, lyre, psaltery, qunun, lute, Hurd, gurdy) wind: ( horn, trompet, dulzaina, flutes, organ) percussion: ( hand drums, cymbals, bells, rattles)
Polyphony: diferente Melodic lines at the same time, 90th century, marked the develop of the posterior music
- Primitive poly: improvising. Organum: adding a parallel voice of 4th and 5th below greforian chan. Melismatic: the gregorian Melody is developed in long values over which teh vox organils sing melismas .
- Ars antioqua: music abandoned the Gregorian free rythm and began to measure it due to the need of sincronizingthe diferente voices of the polyponhy NOTRE DAM PARIS is de most important music centre
- Ars nova: started liberating itself from the gregorian chant in order to find a type of music closer humanity
- Polyphonic song: canon, ballad, chanson
- Composer: Philippe de vitry, Guillaume de machaut and francesco landini