A scientific theory: it is a set of principles and laws capable of explaining a particular aspect of nature.
Physical property: is any observable property of bodies which could be objectively quantified by a measurement process.
Physical unit: is any arbitrary amount of a magnitude that is adopted by agreement as a pattern to that magnitude.
Types of magnitudes: extensive and intensive, scalar and vector.
- Intensive: all quantities whose numerical value does not depend on the size of the body being studied. Those that depend on the value of body size are extensive.
The magnitude scale: those that are completely defined by a numerical value and its corresponding unit.
The vector quantities:are those for which, besides the numerical value and the appropriate drive, you need to specify the direction in which they operate.
A vector quantity: is represented geometrically by a directed line segment and has the following characteristics:
- Module: the cntidad of times that contains the appropriate unit and also the distance between the origin and the end of the segment that represents geometrically.
- Address: is the line that is applied on or over which it acts and coincides with the line containing a segment.
- Meaning: it is one of two that has the line of direction and is indicated by the arrowhead of the line segment.
- Point of application is where this applied or updated the vector and coincides with the origin or starting point of the line segment.
Sum of a vector q is the vector from the origin of the first to end the second.
The zero vector: is one whose magnitude is zero, ie, one whose origin and end match.
The opposite of a vector is another vector that added to it gives the zero vector.
The unit vector: the one whose modulus is unity.
Vector position: it is a vector whose origin is the origin and whose end is the position of the body at any given time .--> r = x · i + j and ·
Displacement vector: the vector defined by the initial position, which is the origin of the vector, and the final position, which will be the end. Its symbol is.
Space travel: the path that makes the mobile measured along the path.
Trajectory: the line is determined by the successive positions of the mobile in the course of their movement.
Average speed: a mobile between two positions is the ratio of the displacement vector and the time between both positions .-->
Instantaneous speed: it is one that has a mobile at any given time or on a particular point in his career.
Acceleration: change in velocity is q experiences a body in unit time
Average acceleration: between two positions is the ratio between the variation of speed and elapsed time between the two.
Instantaneous acceleration: it is the one with the phone in an instant or in a certain position.
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