Application software:

System software:

Operating system:

      Why OS?:

      Operating system function:

      OS goals:

      Types of operating systems:

            - Single process operating system
            - Batch-processing operating system

            - Multiprogramming operating system
            - Multitasking operating system
            - Multi-processing operating system
            - Distributed system
            - Real time OS

Program:

Process:

Thread:

Multi-tasking vs Multi-Threading:

Thread Scheduling:

Thread Context Switching vs Process Context Switching:

User Space:

Karnel:

      Functions of Kernel:

          Process Management

          Memory Management

          File Management

          I/O Management

      Type Of Kernel:

          Monolithic

          Micro

          Hybride

          Nano



System Calls:

      Types:

            Process Management

            Device Management

            File Management

            Information Management

            Communication Management

Firmware: SW embedded in HW(microprocessor -> microcontroller)

What happens when you turn on your computer?

      5 points.

32-Bit vs 64-Bit OS:

      Advantages of 64-bit over the 32-bit operating system:

            Addressable Memory:

            Resource usage:

            Performance:

            Compatibility:

            Better Graphics performance:

Storage Devices Basics:

      Primary memory

            Register

            Cache

            Main memory

      Secondary memory:

            Electronic disk

            Magnetic disk

            Optical disk

            Magnetic tapes

      Comparison:

            Cost

            Access speed

            Storage size

            Volatility



Introduction to Process:

      Program:

      Process:

      How OS creates a process?

        Steps:

      Architecture of process:

      Attributes of process:

      PCB structure:

         Registers in the PCB:

Process States:

      New

      Ready

      Running

      Waiting

      Terminated

Process Queue:

      Job

      Ready

      Waiting

Degree of multi-programming:

Dispatcher:

Swapping: