Characteristics of Presocratic pensaminto: q are philosophers lived in the sixteenth century BC aunke contenporaneos of Socrates.Las some are characteristics of the Presocratics are: 1) They replace the myths by logos.2) His thinking is called a tragic thought, porqe functions as a system of opposites: day-night, hard-blando.3) The universe is an organized whole (cosmos) qe obeying certain laws necessary and IMUT, eliminates the arbitrariness of the gods. 4) The nature is dynamic and constantly moving (Heraclitus). `These thinkers have two problems: 1) What is the constitutive principle of things and they are: ---- The Monists, think there is an element q qe is the Indeed, Thales of Miletus believed qe is Water, Anaximenes air, fire etc ---- Eraclito plurals, qe think there are several elements constituting the realidad.Empedocles believes q q are the 4 elements. 2) Problem of the knower, the debate begins qe will last forever if we know dare venidreos on the senses or razon.Platon be inclined to reason, Aristotle through the senses, where they will tbv empiricists. 1 The Sophist movement: The sophist movimeitno has had throughout history to different estimates, want the criticism of Plato's call qe enbaucadores until now in the qe if recognized some of his valores.Es qe movement focuses on the man for the qe is anthropocentric, the center of reflection is man, is a movement of highly educated people. 1.1Caracteristicas general: ---- qe are the first dedicated to teaching .---- Its main task is the education, training of men and want to teach Arete (ability to succeed in public life) --- using two techniques: The oratory, the art of talking to convince with words and the dialectic, the art of dialogue dispute. 1.2 Doctrines : 1) Conventional leyespoliticas institutions and nothing is universal everything can change the aristocrats do not agree and think there are issues qe qe and q are not dependent on man to be Perpète as physical laws and issues such as casta.2) Moral relativism, no absolute values, all are relative and depend on the Polis ciudadades.3) Escesticismo deny the existence of absolute truths. 4) Political Empiricism is a sudoctrina politica.Son convinced of the good and just democracia.Lo the people depends. Socratic doctrine: A) The Socratic method is mayeutica.Socrates this in the line of Socrates' mother was conocimiento.La q Comadrona.Socrates tell us the haze of Midwifery and helps others to get them out to exterior.Y that called mayeutica.Tienes two parts: the first is to pretend to the interlocutor does not know anything qe for q the other extereorize todfo l qe sabe.La second is to talk, reflect on l qe has said and from there to try descuburir truth.